Brick Support Tower

The group believed that to have the option to have a solid structure, the pinnacle must have support on its edges (or corners). Beside offering help, the columns would give the pinnacle the essential stature to lift the blocks a few crawls starting from the earliest stage. The group thought of just one plan, and couldn't conceptualize some other structure on account of the time imperatives. The group fabricated a block bolster tower utilizing just five (5) bits of note cards and a portion of the tape. Four of the five note cards had their short end sides slice to place cuts into them.The cuts were made to have a method of interlocking the cards. The note cards were then overflowed with their long side to shape chambers. The fifth card was set in the center covering the four standing chambers, with one chamber remaining in each edge of the fifth note card. The group didn’t have any thought regarding what number of blocks will it have the option to help. In light of the brief ti meframe apportioned, the group couldn't use the rest of the note cards to assemble what could have been the following layer of the pinnacle. Theoretical DevelopmentThe plan that the group used gave solid segments, supporting the heaviness of the fifth note card, and furthermore, the heaviness of the stacking. Notwithstanding, the plan end up being powerless in the center part in light of the fact that no help was given. Once more, because of the time requirements, the gathering couldn't concoct different structures. The group just utilized the primary thing that struck a chord, and promptly, set out to set up the note cards for that structure. Results and Discussion The group was just ready to think of a one-level structure of a tower.After development, the group quickly continued with testing the quality and solidness of their structure. The pinnacle was just ready to hold the heaviness of one block. The structure ended up being frail in the center segment on account of no addition al help. Another chamber could have bolstered the center part, where the focal point of gravity is found and hence, putting more pressure and prompting inevitable hanging of the center note card. Accomplishing the best list for a pinnacle supporting at least one blocks was the objective of this activity.The execution list can be registered by increasing the good ways from the floor to the base of the most minimal block (tallness in inches) with the quantity of blocks that was upheld. The team’s design’s execution list is __, which was determined utilizing the stature estimated increased by 1 (just a single block was upheld). Given that the pinnacle was just single-layered. The file is moderately high. Suggestions and Closure The structure could have bolstered more blocks if just a greater amount of the note cards were folded into chambers and utilized as base.Though the structure is single-layered, the presentation file could even now be higher on the grounds that more blocks will be upheld. Another methodology would have been building a higher structure from the note cards (around two layers) yet the quantity of blocks it might have the option to hold will stay one. The group ought to have concocted a few plans and thoroughly considered cautiously which among their structures should they use. Obviously, the structure must be something that is durable but, simple to do, given the constrained time slot.

Two-Factor Theory of Emotion Essay Example for Free

Two-Factor Theory of Emotion Essay One day my sister was running for her group she was late for and had a test in. She chanced upon one of her partners. Her heart began siphoning extremely quick, her body trembling and she was faltering while at the same time conversing with him.She thought she felt that way since she enjoyed him as nobody has ever constructed her adrenaline hurry to that degree. This conduct is identified with the two-factor hypothesis of feeling, which is the possibility that an individual first encounters physiological excitement and afterward looks for a proper clarification for it, this two-advance self-discernment process brings about an enthusiastic encounter. In some cases, the most sensible clarification isn't the correct one, and individuals wind up causing mixed up decisions about what made them to feel the manner in which they did and this is called misattribution of excitement. Schachter’s hypothesis expresses that in light of the fact that our physical states are hard to name on their own,we use data in the circumstance to assist us with causing an attribution regarding why we to feel excited. My sister believed that she really liked the person as a clarification for the physiological excitement she encountered. As indicated by the hypothesis, her understanding to the enthusiastic experience she experienced wasn't right; she was really hurrying to a class she’s late for and scared of missing the test. She was at that point apprehensive because of these reasons and hence she encountered this physiological excitement. In any case, when she felt that way, she erroneously related it to the person she met, which is viewed as a misattribution of excitement circumstance. Perhaps in the event that she met him in a typical circumstance, she can judge plainly whether her decision was correct or not.

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business essay

Moral and Socially Responsive Business exposition Moral and Socially Responsive Business exposition Moral and Socially Responsive Business essayThe Cheesecake Factory, Inc. is a café organization and an across the country wholesaler of cheesecakes. The organization works a chain of 175 full-administration cafés, a few offices for delivering pastry kitchen and offers bread shop based menus under permitting conditions to different eateries and nourishment administration administrators. The organization was established in 1978 by David Overton, and opened up to the world in 1993. In 2011, the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. begun its worldwide development. Right now the companys eateries are situated in Dubai, in the UAE, in Kuwait and in Saudi Arabia. Nonetheless, the significant piece of the companys eateries are situated in the United States.Ethics, consistence and corporate social duty are exceptionally significant for Cheesecake Factory, Inc. The companys suitability emphatically relies upon consumer loyalty and commitment, and in this way it is basic for the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. to have an away from of direct for all representatives. It is basic that the set of accepted rules is shared and that workers reliably stick to this code. Besides, being a global organization, the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. should focus on being maintainable and to being socially mindful. CSR is these days a basically significant part of a plan of action (Asongu, 2007) and in this manner the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. should fuse CSR into its system so as to stay serious. Key regions of the set of accepted rules that are of critical significance to businessThe Cheesecake Factory, Inc. has two reports defining the companys qualities and rules of direct. The Code of Ethics and Code of Business Conduct is a record that applies to all organization representatives, partners, auxiliaries and individuals from the Board of Directors. There is one greater archive named the Code of Ethics for Executive Officers, Senior Financial Officers and Directors which applies to the individual positions.The previous record covers territories that are of noteworthy imperative to Cheesecakes Factory business. Above all else, there is legitimate consistence which is fundamental for the companys typical working, money related prosperity and notoriety. The set of accepted rules additionally portrays the situations when irreconcilable circumstances may develop; the circumstances with potential irreconcilable situations may affect the companys associations with partners, money related position (for example for the situation when business interests are clashing) or notoriety. A fundamental perspective is working with outer gatherings, for example, contractual workers and providers as per the companys moral principles.One increasingly significant viewpoint is non-requesting of non-organization related administrations or products by representatives of the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. Any endeavors of such sales will affect the companys air, may make disappointment among clients and lead money relat ed misfortunes and notoriety harms. Fundamentally significant parts of the set of accepted rules are  protection of secret data, insurance of the companys stock against insider exchanging and assurance of corporate resources. Key explanations behind including these segments are money related reasonsâ and ensuring the companys stock.There are numerous segments committed to securing the companys picture and notoriety against inappropriate activities, for example security against representatives offering expressions in the interest of the organization. Notoriety is significant for cafés, so it is important to incorporate estimates supporting notoriety and consumer loyalty in the set of principles. Besides, the code straightforwardly expresses that representatives are required and obliged to help authorize this code, and clarifies what is normal from chiefs and bosses. These areas help guarantee that representatives follow and regard the code of conduct.In the subsequent report, th e parts of intrigue clashes, non-exposure of secret data and consistence with organization systems explicit for senior officials are thought of. Besides, the systems of announcing infringement and outcomes of resistance are considered in this record. Senior officials have more force and greater obligation, and their activities greaterly affect the organization, so there is a need to feature unique direct viewpoints in a different report. Key strides for the organization to guarantee that workers follow the code of conductFirstly, there ought to be a framework for getting representatives acquainted with the set of accepted rules. The implicit rules and fundamental morals preparing ought to be remembered for the data set for new workers. Moreover, it will be ideal to offer a short moral audit with conversation of reasonable circumstances in the wake of introducing the set of principles and learning materials.The second strategy for guaranteeing that representatives follow the set of p rinciples is the accessibility of extensive and classified morals detailing. It may be useful to arrange a framework for revealing the potential infringement without unveiling character and to make moral examinations without uncovering data about the individual who mentioned the examination. This framework would forestall counter endeavors and would secure the prosperity of dependable workers. The Corporate Ethics Officer and café supervisors liable for morals and consistence ought to keep up this system.Thirdly, it is important to sort out semi-yearly or yearly moral instructional courses for workers. In these meetings, real consistence cases ought to be looked into alongside strategies for announcing. The significance of moral practices and consistence ought to be appeared during the instructional meetings so as to expand representative inspiration to hold fast to the set of principles. Methods for taking part in socially mindful exercises in the communityAs a worldwide organizat ion, the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. ought to add to the networks in which it works and act in a socially capable manner. When all is said in done, it is conceivable to recognize three sorts of corporate social duty: naturally capable exercises (additionally alluded to as manageability), moral work rehearses and generous exercises (putting into neighborhood networks and charities) (Sims, 2013). Every one of these classes of CSR can be utilized to profit nearby communities.For the Cheesecake Factory, Inc., the accompanying sorts of socially capable exercises are suggested. As far as maintainability, the organization could rehearse natural sourcing and buy fixings from neighborhood ranchers and networks delivering natural nourishment. As far as moral work rehearses, the organization could give better working conditions to its representatives, spread their human services protection and offer extra advantages permitting them to keep work-life equalization, for example, adaptable timetable, infant care offices, and so on. Such changes will improve prosperity of representatives of Cheesecake Factory, Inc. also, will have positive effect on the communities.In expressions of humanitarian exercises, the Cheesecake Factory, Inc. might team up with network associations making progress toward more advantageous life, support tasks and exercises of such associations. For instance, the organization may offer sound menus, support runs and wellness exercises in the network and market solid method for living to its clients. All previously mentioned exercises will help make the organization increasingly productive and will improve its notoriety and prevalence, in this way making the organization all the more monetarily reasonable too.

What Is Epithet Definition and Examples of How to Correctly Use Epithet in Literature

Some of the most revered writers and poets of all time use epithets to add texture to their prose. From the epic poems of Homer to the poetry and plays of Shakespeare, these vast works and their strategic use of epithets have helped shape readers’ literary imaginations for centuries.

SAT Test Prep

Serial Killer Speech Essay - 984 Words

COM 103: Public Speaking OUTLINE Specific Goal: To inform my audience about the psychology of the serial killer. Introduction: A. There are possibly 20-100 of them active in the U.S. B. They are sociopathic, psychopathic monsters that hide behind the masks of normal everyday people. C. They have no conscience, no empathy, no feelings or remorse. Only apathy. A dark empty world where the only sense of satisfaction and feeling comes from taking the life of another. D. What causes this type of behavior? What could make someone commit such grisly crimes for the sake of mere pleasure? E. Today I will be talking to you about the psychology of the serial killer. F. We†¦show more content†¦Ed Geins religiously fanatical, notorious mother instilled in her son that women were vessels of sin and caused disease (Psychos Norman Bates was based on Ed Gein) 3. Charles Mansons mother constantly belittled him as a child and would send him to school dressed as a girl for punishment. E. We cant a lways point the finger at crazy mothers: 1. The Boston Strangler, Albert DeSalvo, was sold off as a slave by his father while his mother searched for him for days. 2. John Wayne Gacys father verbally abused him daily and even shot his dog for punishment. (However not every person that comes from a terrible upbringing turns homicidal, which brings me to my next point:) II. Frontal lobe brain injuries. A. The prefrontal cortex, which makes up 25% of the brain, acts as a controlling mechanism for anger and aggression. B. The frontal lobe is considered responsible for much of the behavior that makes possible stable and adequate social relations. Self-control, planning, judgment, the balance of individual versus social needs, and many other essential functions are controlled by the frontal structures of the brain. (Rutigliano) 1. It only makes sense that this could be a contributing factor in habitual murders. 2. 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Marilyn Manson, the alias and alter-ego of Brian Warner, was created using Marilyn Monroe and serial killer Charles Manson - two opposites in society. (Marilyn, MTVe.com) Brian Warner, who formedRead MoreElements of a Southern Atmosphere in OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Faulkners A Rose for Emily1878 Words   |  8 PagesGeorgia Crick Eng 102 Davis Short Story Essay Revision May 6, 2013 Elements of a Southern Atmosphere in O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† and Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Though the short stories â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† differ in plot, theme, voice, and many other aspects, both contain similar characters and settings. The authors of these highly acclaimed Southern Gothic works, have skillfully and eloquently created intricate characters and imagery that portrayRead MoreEvil in Roberto Benignis Life Is Beautiful4016 Words   |  17 Pagesowning more than a limited amount of property, and attending public schools. Benigni brilliantly parodies these laws in Guido s explanation to Giosuà ¨ of the signs prohibiting Jews and dogs from entering stores and in the subversion of the minister s speech on racism at Dora s school. The film also has an exposition of the racist mentality that allowed the Shoah. During the Grand Hotel engagement party celebrating the regime s conquest of Ethiopia, an Italian teacher recounts an anecdote about theRead MoreMusic Censorship Essay2897 Words   |  12 Pagesalso prev ents younger children from being exposed to harsh and inappropriate content in a society where access to music is growing. The positives of censorship outweigh the negatives by far. What is Censorship? Censorship is the suppression of speech or other public communication that may be considered harmful or sensitive to people as determined by a government or the media. Censorship of music is when free access to musical works is banned. This censorship may come from a series of motivations

Effect of Globalization on GSM London-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Demonstrate an understanding of the Concept of the Organisation and the Environment in which it operates, including determining the competitive advantage for an Organisation. Answer: Introduction The following paper concentrates on the different aspects related to the chosen organization GSM London. Many important things and issues related to this topic will have to be discussed here. The focus will be on the background of the organization, the industry or the sector, in which it operates the different aspects like the organizational operations and responsibilities, will have to be discussed as well. Certain issues that create a problem within the organization have to be identified and given an overview with some probable recommendations to solve it. The business environment of GSM London has to be discussed in the following sections of the paper. As GSM London is an organization related to the academic works, some ethical codes have to be maintained here as well. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss all the valuable things in relating to the organization itself. Company background The full name of this organization is Greenwich school of Management. This organization is located at Greenwich in South-East London (Gsmlondon.ac.uk, 2017). This operates as an independent school of higher education in the country. Another branch of this organization is situated in Greenford in West London. This organization deals with providing thousands of students many business-specific courses in the graduate and post-graduate courses. They also provide the students with many types of training courses and the students who are admitted here are mostly international students. The records say that more than 15000 students take education from this organization (Gsmlondon.ac.uk, 2017). The organization was founded in 1973 and the current CEO is Sir Bob Burgess. Headquarter of this organization is situated in Meridian House in Greenwich. They have worked in partnerships with the Plymouth University from the year 2006 and have delivered validated undergraduate degree awarded by Plymout h (Gsmlondon.ac.uk, 2017). They have a number of expert course advisors in the organization. Business environment The business environment of this organization is quite helpful and they have various courses to offer to their students (Brown and Carasso 2013). This organization serves the education sector in the country and one of the most reputed institutions as well. They offer financial advice from their expert finance advisors who advise the students about how they can manage their headaches about the funding of the fees for their courses. The organization looks to provide support to the students and they desire core academic skills for better future of the students. They provide a proper academic environment for the students that add to the success of the students on the long run (Brown and Carasso 2013) They also focus on the students individually to help them overcome their troubles in the understanding the courses. All of these plans and programs are looked after by the senior managers of the organization. They provide a simple business environment in the industry that helps the students to gather their knowledge properly (Brown and Carasso 2013) The business environment is quite competitive but the strategies they have undertaken lead them to gain the competitive advantage over their rival organizations (Botha, Kourie and Snyman 2014). One of their rivals in the industry is the University of Greenwich. The management and leadership styles being followed here are quite motivating. The management motivates the employees or the teachers and trainers greatly so that they give their best efforts in trying to solve the problems of the students. This training in GSM London helps them to get best jobs in the business industry with great placements (Mourshed, Farrell and Barton 2012). Various types of business environments are present that leaves an impact on the proceedings of the certain business industries. These are considered as the economic environment, political environment, social environment, legal environment and the technological environment (Pulver 2012). Economic environment The economic environment of the institution GSM London is quite stable. The institution helps in providing the students with scholarships and much other assistance (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). The institution helps the students get educational loans especially to the students who are from UK and other EU countries. The economic and fiscal policies of the government have long lasting impacts on their countries. The good training services and good placements in the industry help in the economic growth of the country as well as increasing the GDP of United Kingdom. It also helps in the foreign multinational companies being interested in investing in this country. Political environment The political environment of the United Kingdom is quite stable with the democratic environment (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). The attitude or approach of the government towards the educational institutions is quite motivating as the government is interested to create more job opportunities in the country by providing good education. The management of the organization is quite susceptible to the immediate changes in the government policies. Social environment The different social factors are responsible in determining the social environment of the business organizations. The social demographics of the area have a great impact on the success of the organization (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). The quality of life in UK is quite impressive with a good economic growth. This is why the families are keen to send their children to institutions where they can get the best education. The innovative strategies to incur knowledge into the minds of the students help them to get a strong hold in the industry. Their academic track record is quite good so they are very much in compliance with the social conditions. The literacy rates are quite high in the urban areas in UK so this again works as a positive criterion. The traditions in their good record of academic performance among the British give them an advantage over others (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). Legal environment The different laws related passed in the British parliament are obeyed by GSM London properly like the Equality Act 2010, Education Act 1996 and others. They do not discriminate any student due to their skin color or their caste. Equality id preserved in this organization all through (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). Technological environment Technology is an integral part of the modern day business. The GSM London has adopted the various technological tools to innovate new strategies of training the students and apply them in the practical field. This enhances the students skills (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). Effect of globalization on GSM London Globalization has a huge impact on the education sector all over the world. Due to the use of technology everywhere, GSM London has gained benefits. It has been able to make its strategy according to the global standards and being compliant to the industry (Rumford and Buhari 2012). They can post advertisements online through the use of social media and thus be able to attract more students from different countries. Their placement and track record have impressed the students. This attracts them to come to UK and study in GSM London by getting scholarships (Rumford and Buhari 2012). Consumer demand and its effects on business Consumer demand is a very important part in making business decisions. The consumers (in this case, the students) tend to find the best institutions that will cater to their needs and deliver their goals for their career (Gowrisankaran and Rysman 2012). They also find the kind of institutions that they can afford economically and get the best placements in the business industry. All these needs and requirements are fulfilled by GSM London. This is why they acquire a top spot in the business related education sector for their scholarships and well-planned training systems (Edwards, Sieminski and Zeldin 2014). Entrepreneurship, Creativity and Innovation GSM London is one of the most important institutions on UK who have led their paths for entrepreneurship in the education industry (Fayolle 2013). They have opted for expanding their business all over the world and get international students. They have the willingness to develop further and expand their services more. This way they are one of the pioneering institutions to adapt entrepreneurship. The strategic innovation like providing scholarships and financial advisors for their students has catered to gain competitive advantage through creative thinking power. The innovative training programs and using technology for better training methods have added to their success story (Khurshid and Ansari 2012). The creativity factor is well encouraged by the management of GSM London. Innovation process in GSM London is quite impressive. They use the different technological tools in order to attract their students (Lytton 2012). They also monitor the educational performance of the students by using technology. The different methods they use to improve the performance and thus achieving the faith of their students. Conclusion The paper can be concluded by saying that GSM London has provided bright career prospects to their students. The students who take part in the education programs are benefitted in a huge way by getting good jobs. They also provide scholarships that come as financial aid for the students. The students get quality training from the well qualified trainers and this helps them to enhance their skills. Good jobs earn them good salaries and thus make way for the economic growth of the country. Thus the entire country is benefitted by functionalist theory of sociology. People who get train them have a great amount of technological knowledge and they cater to the development of the organization. The entrepreneurship and innovative thinking leads them to become one of the leading organizations in UK education sector. References Botha, A., Kourie, D. and Snyman, R., 2014.Coping with continuous change in the business environment: Knowledge management and knowledge management technology. Elsevier. Brown, R. and Carasso, H., 2013.Everything for sale?: the marketisation of UK higher education. Routledge. Edwards, R., Sieminski, S. and Zeldin, D. eds., 2014.Adult learners, education and training(Vol. 2). Routledge. Fayolle, A., 2013. Personal views on the future of entrepreneurship education.Entrepreneurship Regional Development,25(7-8), pp.692-701. Gowrisankaran, G. and Rysman, M., 2012. Dynamics of consumer demand for new durable goods.Journal of political Economy,120(6), pp.1173-1219. Gsmlondon.ac.uk. (2017).GSM London. [online] Available at: https://www.gsmlondon.ac.uk/ [Accessed 2 Aug. 2017]. Khurshid, F. and Ansari, U., 2012. Effects of innovative teaching strategies on students performance.Global Journal of Human-Social Science Research,12(10-E). Lytton, H., 2012.Creativity and education. Routledge. Mourshed, M., Farrell, D. and Barton, D., 2012. Education to employment: Designing a system that works.McKinsey Center for Government,18, pp.1-7. Pulver, S., 2012. Business and the Environment. Rumford, C. and Buhari, D., 2012.European Union. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Wild, J.J., Wild, K.L. and Han, J.C., 2014.International business. Pearson Education Limited

Fences Rose Final Draft Essay Example

Fences Rose Final Draft Paper Character Analysis of Rose Rose holds the Manson family together as If she was the glue of the family. She treats everyone the same. Whether they are Klan to each other or not. She looks past the bad things in order to stay positive. Rose always has something to eat laying around the kitchen for anyone and everyone that is in the Manson house even if they are not family. Rose, Troy foil, brings out the good in Troy, and she does her best to keep him from doing things he should not do. Rose keeps the Manson family together with her kind and loving heart. Rose is a very opinionated lady, yet she gives her opinion out of love. When Troy gripes at her about gambling, she simply says in a calm voice, Troy you know I dont play foolishly. I Just play a nickel here and a nickel there. Now I hit sometimes. That makes up for It. I dont hear you complaining then, (Wilson 22). Rose proves that no matter how little money their family has, she always Is sure to keep Just enough to be able to go play the nickel machine In hope to win some money to help out her family. No matter what Troy says about her playing, she always lets It go in one ear and out the other. We will write a custom essay sample on Fences Rose Final Draft specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Fences Rose Final Draft specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Fences Rose Final Draft specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Even though Rose enjoys herself by doing a little gambling, she uses the money for her family and not for herself whenever she does win. This proves Rose is very unselfish. Rose lets Troy know her side of things in a stern way when she says, l dont hear you complaining then. Theres a lot of people dont know they can do no better than they doing now. Thats Just something you got to learn. A lot of folks still shop at Belles, (7). Roses opinion is that most black people do not try to get out of poverty. Rose feels the opposite about the subject. She actually wants out of poverty. She makes an effort to be treated equal. Rose states her pollen on everything regardless of who tells her she Is wrong. Rose is a very caring and loving woman to everyone no matter what they do to her. You hungry, Gave? I was just fixing to cook Troy his breakfast. Well come on Ill make a batch of biscuits, (26). Rose steadily tries to be the best mother that she can be for the Manson family and not just take care of herself. She represents the primary care giver of the Manson household by cooking for everybody and bringing he whole family in together to eat. Okay, Troy Youre right. Ill take care of your baby for you Cause Like you say Shes innocent And you cant visit the sins of the father upon the child. A motherless child has got a hard time, (79). By Rose saying and doing this, it Just proves how loving and tender hearted she is. Even though Rose Is not the childs mother, she still wants what Is best for the baby. Stop that yelling. You goanna wake up Arrantly. I Just got her to sleep, (80). This shows that Rose has fully accepted Arrantly as her daughter. Rose does not see Arrantly as Just Troys daughter but also hers too. Rose says, talking about Lyons, Let the boy have ten collars, Roy, I Nils snows now loving Ana caring Rose acts towards Ir son. Rose and Troy clearly do not have enough money to be giving it out, but she encourages Troy to give some to Lyons because she cares about everyone. Rose is a very good hearted person who uses all of her characteristics to keep everyone in the family together and keep them in check. Rose does all she can to keep Troy in good situations and not let him make a fool of himself. Troy what is wrong with you this morning? Dont nothing set right with you. Go back in there and go to bed Get up on the other side, (23). Rose shows how she refuses to let Troy stay around the house being all grumpy and angry. Rose wants her house to be a warm feeling and loving environment. Goon Troy. I anti studying you. Troy you better leave me alone, (30). This proves how much off lady Rose is. She wants noting off public sexual scene, which is how a lady should be. She wants her sexual relationship with Troy to be private and Just between the two of them. Mimi goanna drink yourself to death. You dont need to be dinking like that, (10). Rose shows how much she cares about Troy no matter how he treats her. Rose is worried about him and how much he drinks. Also, Rose might be scared of how Troy acts after he has been drinking and what he is capable of. It ought to matter. You going around talking about having truck with the devil Gods the one you goanna have to answer to. Hes the one goanna be at the Judgment, (16). This shows how Rose feels about the Lord and her religious views. It also confirms that she tries to lead Troy in the right direction. Rose knows that if Troy keeps some of his bad ways then his Judgment Day might not turn out so well. Rose is a very strong minded woman with great values. Rose, who uses these values every day of her life, always acts as the heart and soul of the Manson family. Rose keeps everybody in the family together. Rose displays her sad side after having her heart broken due to Troys dissatisfaction with Just Rose as his wife. Rose stands as an extremely opinionated Christian woman who keeps the family going and keeps everyone straight with her love and kindness.

Mariachi Music Research Paper Essay Essay Example

Mariachi Music Research Paper Essay Essay Example Mariachi Music Research Paper Essay Paper Mariachi Music Research Paper Essay Paper Mariachi music originated in Jalisco. Mexico. It is said it began in the town of Cocula. It is a version of theatrical orchestra. it includes fiddles. harp and guitars which developed in and around Jalisco. It began in the nineteenth century. and is still popular today. The Violin is apart of a Mariachi ensemble. it is a string instrument. It is 4 stringed and the smallest. highest-pitched member of the threading household. The intent of the fiddle in mariachi music is to complement cornet tunes. The most of import component of this manner of playing to utilize the full bow. The Vihuela besides plays a major function in a Mariachi ensemble. The Vihuela is an instrument that is fundamentally two different guitars pealing instruments. The one played in the Mariachi set is from the nineteenth century. It has 5 strings and originated from Mexico. There is another 1 from the 15th and sixteenth century. that one originated in Spain. That specific Vihuela typically had 12 strings. The Guitarron is a really big. deep bodied Mexican 6- twine acoustic bass. It is similar to the guitar developed from the sixteenth century. The Guitarron is typically played by duplicating notes by octave. The Guitarron is used to maintain the round and other instruments together. The cornet is apart of the brass household. it has the highest registry out of all the other instruments. It is played by blowing air threw closed lips. The cornet replaced the horn in the mariachi set. now there is normally two huntsmans horns in a mariachi set. The cornet combination in mariachi was popularized in the 1950s. There are many features to mariachi sets. The signifiers found in mariachi music are. the most of import component of the manner. Mariachi vocal signifiers ( such as the bolero. cancion ranchera. boy. huapango. joropo. and danzon ) are ever the rhythmic forms that are performed by the guitar subdivision of the group. There is besides singing involved in mariachi music. For illustration. the â€Å"grito mexicano† . a cry that is done at musical interludes during a vocal. either by the instrumentalists and the listening audience. Like of that would be the mariachi participants singing â€Å"AY YA YAY YA! †

Red tails movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Red tails - Movie Review Example This is a story of a young black pilot who overcame racism and hatred, managed to unite his brothers in blood and created the first ever air battalion composed entirely of African Americans. The directors of the movie did not dwell a lot, or put a stress on racial discrimination of those times. People know that it was there, but the spotlight is not put on this problems, the viewer just sees the life of ordinary people, their struggles, their fights. And exactly this makes this movie very remarkable, and helps the viewer see the problem deeper and live through it, in a way. The genre of the movie is action, but this is not just that. This is the story of friendship, self-sacrifice, and honor, as well as the ups and downs that the heroes of the movie are going through, when they do not feel like heroes at all. The pilots were not there for glory or fame, they had a job to do, they had to obey orders, and they did it. They fought for their countrymen and for their fellows. This is not the story of the World War II, or the glory of the America, this is a story of people, and this makes it closer and more understandable to each one in the audience. These pilots put up their lives for the country that considered them second-class citizens, and this is remarkable. The cast of the movie is outstanding. The spotlight is put on several major characters performed by Terrence Howard (as Colonel Bullard), Nate Parker (as Mary â€Å"Easy† Julian), Tristan Wilds (as Ray Junior Gannon), and some others. The actors managed to reflect the characters they were playing naturally and accurately. The big plus of the movie is that the cast and the director of the movie have worked closely with the original airmen, so they know the story firsthand. The characters of the movie have their share of differences, since they are all just humans, at the same time the viewer can feel the real spirit of brotherhood and camaraderie between the characters. There are

Sales Role Play Report Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sales Role Play Report - Term Paper Example The company values the importance of proper storage facilities for herbal products. Therefore there exists a spacious warehouse with required temperature conditions. The corporate office and the manufacturing facility of the company are situated in Philadelphia. Healthy Hair professionals are backed by rich industry experience, exposure as well in depth knowledge makes. Factors such as thorough quality checking, sophisticated infrastructure, skilful team of professionals, timely delivery, customized solution and the ease of payment modes makes the company the most sought after herbal product manufacturers. Natural Hair Care accelerates the growth of hair. It provides strength to the hair, prevents hair fall and dandruff. It also tends to have a cooling effect on the eyes and reduces headache. Natural Hair Care is n excellent herbal hair oil that can be used as ordinary hair oil also. Natural Hair Care contains pure herbs and coconut oil. This is a one of its kind and acknowledged by those who used the product sample. Whole Foods Market is a retail supermarket chain located in Austin, Texas. The company is famous for providing natural and organic food product of greatest quality. The company maintains strict guidelines and quality standards. Whole Foods market is best known for the unshakable commitment for sustainable agriculture. The company was founded by John Mackey and Renee Lawson Hardy. Since the humble beginning in 1980 the company has come a long way as there are over three hundred outlets in North America and UK. The company food department can be classified in to beer, bakery, bulk, cheese, Coffee and tea, Floral, grocery, prepared foods, seafood, wine, whole body. Whole Foods Market is the market leader in the organic food business. However the company now seeks for diversification. But the company wishes to do so by keeping their core commitment towards agriculture and

Norse, Teutonic, or Scandinavian mythology Essay Example for Free

Norse, Teutonic, or Scandinavian mythology Essay Thought (Hugin) and Memory (Munin) were the two ravens that went unto the world to observe and return to tell of what all men do, Driven by further search for knowledge, Odin begged Mimir, the wise, to allow him to drink from the well of wisdom, for this he consented to lose an eye. Wounded I hung on wind swept gallows For nine long nights, Pierced by a spear, pledged to Odin, Offered myself to myself: The wisest know not from whence spring The roots of that ancient rood. They gave me no bread, they gave me no mead: I looked down; with a loud cry I took up the runes and I fell. (The Elder Edda 56) Here we find Odin once more sacrificing himself for knowledge, In The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology it is said that Odin actually died on the gallows of Yggdrasil, that he traversed Nifleheim, or Hel in order to obtain the nine sacred runes, that seem to be extremely powerful as described in The Elder Edda. The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology adds yet another theory to Odin hanging himself, The parallel between Odins voluntary death on Yggdrasil and the crucifixion remains striking. Odin was pierced with a spear and like Christ, cried out before he died there is little doubt that his hanging on the cosmic tree had pre-Christian origins and derived from ancient pagan worship. Odin had long been the god of the spear, the god of the hanged. This could definitely be determined as less than speculation, seeing as we must rely on our sources and to this point one could say that this is a very valid and well thought out work. Regardless of minor differences in text again we must as they did default ourselves to the larger span of information. There were two different groups of gods in Scandinavian Mythology, The Aesir and the Vanir. Each having their own respective dwelling place, Asgard for the Aesir, and Vanaheim for the Vanir. Of the two, The Vanir have been said to be the older. Unlike the warrior Aesir, the Vanir were a race of gods associated with fertility, wealth, and good weather. (The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology 500) Among the Vanir were, Njord, the sea and fortune god, Skadi, the god of destruction, Freyja, the goddess of love, and Freyr the god of Fertility. Among the Aesir were, Odin, Balder, Bragi, Forseti Heimdall, Hodr, Thor, Tyr, Vili, Ve, Vidar, Frigg, Sif, and Idun. At one point in time there was a great war between these two branches of gods, yet both the Aesir, and the Vanir came to terms by exchanging several prominent gods of each side. The Vanir sent Njord, Freyr, Freyja, and Kvasir, while the Aesir sent Mimir, and Honir. The Vanir soon found that they got the bad end of the deal due to the fact that Mimir was the only one who knew what he was talking about, and that in his absence Honir, wasnt really that bright. The Vanir then sliced of Mimirs head and sent it back to Asgard, where Odin used Powerful magic to allow Mimirs head to speak. Little else is known of the Vanir, they seemed to lose importance quickly after it was concluded that the war was resolved however it was noted that Vanaheim, was potentially unaffected by Ragnarok. This shows evidence of two religions colliding with Scandinavian and Germanic mythology. Revealing to us that Scandinavian mythology has most definately influenced by other ancient tales and stories. (Cherry, Vanaheim) Scandinavian mythology might have been the inspiration to several works of modern day literature. It is Nicole Cherrys opinion that Tolkien was very well acquainted with the northern mythos, as can be seen by the use of it in his books. The name of one of his main characters, Gandalf, is found in The Poetic Edda. Gandalf is, in some ways, reminiscent of Odin, the leader of the Norse pantheon. Even the name Middle-earth, the setting for Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings, comes from Norse mythology. There are several other modern day works of literature based on or derived from Scandinavian mythology as well, such as, The Ring of the Nibelung and The Nibelungenlied. These works, may well show the effect and legacy of Scandinavian Mythology in the World. Another notable element of Tolkeins Lord of The Rings was his use of the ring itself to the Viings the ring meant wealth honor fame and destiny. It was in fact a tradition to give rings to neighboring countries, bringing to notice the ever prominent focal point of the Lord of the Rings. (Day 29) There is no Heaven or Hell in Scandinavian mythology, the only hope is to be brought up to Asgard by a Valkyrie or Battle Maiden. Even then those chosen or the Einherjar (The Heroic dead) faced defeat at Ragnarok in the Final Battle on the Vigrid Plain. This may be unlike any other focal point of religion known. It reasons in many ways that the only way to gain honor is to die in battle unfaltering. Scandinavian Mythology, although comparable to other religions or other pagan beliefs is an original and unique work of the Norwegians, Swedish, Icelandic, and Danish peoples of Europe. Hamilton describes it justly by saying, Asgard, the home of the gods, is unlike any other heaven men have dreamed of. No radiancy or joy is in it, no assurance of bliss, it is a grave and solemn place, over which hangs the threat of inevitable doom the same is true for humanity this conception of life which underlies Norse religion, as somber a conception the human mind has ever given birth to A heroic death is not a defeat, but a triumph. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE JRR Tolkien section.

Ethics and Reality Essay -- Religion Philosophy Papers

Ethics and Reality One of the most pervasive problems in theoretical ethics has been the attempt to reconcile the good for the individual with the good for all. It is a problem which appears in contemporary discussions (like those initiated by Alasdair MacIntyre in After Virtue) as a debate between emotivism and rationalism, and in more traditional debates between relativism and absolutism. I believe that a vital cause of this difficulty arises from a failure to ground ethics in metaphysics. It is crucial, it seems to me, to begin with "the way the world is" before we begin to speculate about the way it ought to be. And, the most significant "way the world is" for ethics is that it is individuals in community. This paper attempts to develop an ethical theory based solidly on Whitehead’s metaphysics, and to address precisely the problem of the relation between the good for the individual and the common good, in such a way as to be sympathetic to both. One of the most pervasive problems in theoretical ethics has been the attempt to reconcile the good for the individual with the good for all. It is a problem which appears in contemporary discussions (like those initiated by Alasdair MacIntyre in After Virtue) as a debate between emotivism and rationalism, and in more traditional debates between relativism and absolutism. I believe that a vital cause of this difficulty arises from a failure to ground ethics in metaphysics. It is crucial, it seems to me, to begin with "the way the world is" before we begin to speculate about the way it ought to be. The most significant "way the world is" for ethics, is that it is individuals in community, and this is the cosmology promoted by Whitehead. In Process and Reality, Whitehead outl... ... an action is performed, it has a determined relevance for future actions and entities so we have to make sure that our actions are the right ones. That is to say, not just any action, is an ethical action. An ethical action requires Goodness. By performing an action which can be described as good, my individual good action is linked with all good actions. It has been defined by the notion of Goodness, and contributes to the definition of Goodness. We have, then, a reciprocal relation between the good for the individual and the common good grounded in Whiteheadian metaphysics. Bibliography Sylvan, R. and Bennett, D., The Greening of Ethics, Cambridge, U.K.: The White Horse Press, 1994. PR Whitehead, A.N., Process and Reality, New York & London: Macmillan, 1978 edn.. RM Whitehead, A.N., Religion in the Making, N.Y.: New American Library, 1974 edn..

Cooper Case

Executive Summary In the Case study, Cooper Industries is trying to acquire Nicholson File Company. However, there are two other companies that are interested in Nicholson as well: VLN Corporation and H. K. Porter Company. In 1971, VLN together with Nicholson management constructed a deal that, however, didn’t get the support from the majority of common stockholders. After having done a discounted cash flow analysis, I determined that Nicholson stock is undervalued. Also, Nicholson seems to be a good strategic fit for Cooper. Therefore, Cooper could acquire Nicholson on friendly terms with a relatively large premium to attract the majority of the shares needed. The problem for Cooper is to determine how best to acquire Nicholson and the adequate price to pay. 1. ) and 2. ) In my opinion, Mr. Cizik should make an attempt to gain control of the Nicholson File Company. Cooper Industries has been pursuing a policy of expansion through the acquisition of other companies and this strategy appears to be working well for them. They have acquired a number of companies and have been successful in integrating them into Cooper Industries. They have established three criteria that potential companies for acquisition must meet and Nicholson meets all three criteria. Nicholson holds 50% of the market share in files and rasps, its main products, therefore implying that Cooper could be a â€Å"major factor† in this industry. Nicholson is also a leading company in their markets and it is a stable company in terms of not being dependent on a few major customers. Nicholson has a great deal of potential for greater sales growth as it is only growing sales at 2% compared with the industry average of 7%. Due to the strengths of its products and distribution system they should be capable of raising growth rates to the industry average. The company is further desirable to Cooper as the two companies sales forces could be combined leading to cost savings. Nicholson’s European distribution system could also be very helpful in expanding Cooper’s sales in Europe. As Cooper Industries sells more of their product to industry and Nicholson to the consumer market by combining the companies they may be able to increase sales of both product lines to the market segment they are weaker in. All in all, Mr. Cizik should try to gain control on Nicholson File company as it seems to be a good strategic fit. 3. Nicholson’s firm value derived by the means of DCF analysis amounts to $ 39. 86 mio. After subtracting net debt, the value of Nicholson’s equity amounts to $ 28. 86 mio. meaning an equity value per share of $ 49. 42 (undervalued). This should also be the maximum price that Cooper should afford to pay for Nicholson. 4. Cooper analyzed the benefits of the merger with Nicholson. Cooper estimated that the cost of goods sold after acquiring Nicholson could be reduced from 69% of sales to 65% meaning a dollar value of this synergy of $ 11. 7 Mio. Also, SG&A could be reduced from 22% of sales to 19% of sales resulting in a dollar value of this synergy of $ 8. 45 Mio. These numbers are based on the combined net sales for 1972 using a 7% growth rate in sales from previous net sales (growth of industry level). The opposite distribution of business activity in business and consume r market is likely to result in revenue growth. The numerical effect of this revenue pulling, however, is highly vague at this point in time. 5. The exchange value Cooper could afford to pay out without causing any dilution according to my calculation is $ 37. 2 per share meaning an Exchange Ratio of 1. 55. Thus, we could offer 1. 55 Cooper shares for every Nicholson share they need. This amounts to 133,013 of Coopers shares for 86,000 Nicholson shares. If they wanted to pay cash for the remaining stocks it would then be $37. 12 * 86000 = $ 3. 19 mio. for the remaining stocks needed to gain control via 50. 1% of all shares. Despite the threat of EPS dilution, Cooper might be willing to pay a price higher than $ 37. 12, if the negative short-term effect will be outweighed by positive ones in the ong-run. In general, it is crucial to consider the effect of acquisitions on EPS as a significant, or enduring dilution of EPS will harm the corporation’s performance significantly. 6. I do recommend a loan as capital preferred financing structure. This use of debt rather than equity financing for the acquisition of Nicholson causes a higher return on equity, as well as an increase in the efficiency of existing capital structure. Also, there are tax advantages to be realized through debt financing (tax shield). The ultimate goal would be to maximize shareholder value and this can be supported through a lower WACC resulting from a higher leverage (as effect outweighs increase of risk). The interest on debt is tax deductible resulting in a higher Net Income and, thus, EPS. Nicholson management had accepted an offer from VLN Corporation using convertible stock but rejected a cash offer from H. K Porter. Nicholson may not want cash for their company. If that was the case, Cooper would need to offer cumulative convertible stock. 7. With an exchange ratio of 2, about 78% of the new firm would be owned by Cooper. The relatively high exchange ratio would result in a severe reduction of control to Nicholson’s shareholder (22%). Under the given circumstances with an exchange ratio of 2, the acquisition premium for paid would be $ 14 per share. The minimum synergies required that this offer makes sense would be $ 8. 18 Mio. Given my synergy valuation from task 4, this would definitely be a realistic achievement. 8. Porter bought Nicholson’s shares with the intention to take over the company themselves. However, as they weren’t able to acquire enough shares required to buy the company, they are now looking to tender their shares. Obviously, they’d like to do this profitably and, thus, their primary concerns are the price- and liquidity-level. They try to get the most value out of their stocks, so price is of primary importance in a bargaining process with them. Nevertheless, they want to be able to quickly liquidate their stocks meaning a preference for cash payments. They expressed that convertible preferred stock was acceptable as they assume Cooper stock to be stable and easily tradable on the NYE. The speculators/ unaccounted for shareholders would also be primarily concerned with price. These shareholders may be tempted to buy or not to buy based on what Nicholson family and its management suggests they do. Thus, one possible way to reach these group of shareholders may be through management. Due to this influence, the family Nicholson and its management have a greater bargaining position as implied by their shares. They are interested in more than just the price. The management is not highly attracted to a takeover, but they know they no longer have a choice. So, at least, they wish to see Nicholson remain autonomous within any acquiring company. Nicholson’s management and family is most likely not willing to sell the majority of their shares for cash; They wish to maintain a stake in the company. As a result, Cooper would need to offer a stock exchange. VLN, as Coopers bidding competitor, is unlikely to be willing to sell their shares to Cooper for a reasonable price. Ex-Post: In 1972 Cooper industries acquired Nicolson File Company Two Cooper Industries Inc. Based on the given information in the case study regarding the acquisition of Nicholson File Company by Cooper Industries, there is no question that Cooper should try to gain control of Nicholson. This decision is based on an analysis of the bargaining positions of each group of Nicholson stockholders which have disparate goals and needs that need to be met. In addition, an appropriate payment method and specific dollar value based on a competitoraâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer and Cooper financial data was decided. The remainder of this paper will provide the analysis and rationale for this determination. Should Cooper Industries Acquire Nicholson File Company? Cooper Industries has been expanding through diversification since 1996. Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s requirements to acquire a company has three major components. The target company must be: 1. In an industry in which Cooper could become a major player 2. In an industry that is fairly stable, with a broad market for the products and a product line of aâ‚ ¬? small ticketaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ items; and 3. A leader in its market segment. When looking at the criteria that Cizikaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s company (Cooper Industries), set forth relative to acquisitions, the acquisition of Nicholson meets all three objectives plus has significant potential short and long-term potential. Cooper management feels that by eliminating redundancy and streamlining Nicholsonaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s operations this potential can be realized. Currently, Nicholsonaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s financial history boasts a 2% increase in profit annually but this percentage is way below the industry average of 6%. Cooper management proposed that if Nicholson stops selling to every market, increased efficiencies would result and cut cost of goods sold from 69% of sales to 65%. It was also suggested that the acquisition could lower selling, general, and administrative expenses from 22% of sales to 19%. Nicholsonaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s position in the file and rasp market where it holds a 50% market share of a $50 million dollar market meets all three of Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s objectives. Furthermore, Nicholsonaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s brand name within the hand saw and saw blade industry is strong and Nicholson holds a 9% market share in the $200 million dollar aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" their only major competitor was Sears and Diston who held a larger market share. Shareholder Standings At the time of the proposed merger between Nicholson File and VLN, there were a total of approximately 584,000 Nicholson shares outstanding. H. K. Porter had not purchased enough shares to hold majority control, and this situation provided Cooper with yet another opportunity to acquire Nicholson. Nicholson and Porter stockholders had their own concerns, as well as bargaining positions, and if Cooper was to acquire Nicholson they had to address all of their concerns and convince them that the merger was a mutually beneficial proposition. The table below, Exhibit 7 in the case study, shows the estimated disposition of shares in early 1972: Estimated Distribution of Nicholson File Company Stock_______________ Shares supporting Cooper H. K. Porter 177,000 Cooper Industries 29,000206,000 Shares supporting VLN Nicholson family and management117,000 Owned by VLN 14,000 131,000 Shares owned by speculators 50,000 aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 100,000 Shares unaccounted for 197,000 aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 147,000 Total Nicholson shares outstanding 584,000 Shareholder Concerns There are three major groups of shareholders that Cooper must consider when putting together their offer to acquire Nicholson. These groups are Nicholson, H. K. Porter, and the group of Unaccounted for Shares and Spectator Shares. Nicholson File Company Loss of control – Nicholson managementaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s greatest fear was loss of operating control. The company had been in the Nicholson family for years, and if Cooper expected to gain support for the offer by Nicholson and gain at least 86,000 shares to tip them over the majority (206,000 + 86,000 = 292,000; 584,000/2 = 292,000) they would need to guarantee them that they would work with the current management to maintain the identity and image of Nicholson. Additionally, Wall Street investors would view the maintenance of Nicholson management as a stabilizing factor in the merger. Loss of product lines aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Whichever company acquired Nicholson, there was no doubt that aggressive cost cutting measures would be pursued; this would undoubtedly mean marginal product lines would cease to exist. Although Cooper could not emphatically guarantee that nothing would change, they could guarantee that they would work with Nicholson to determine if improvements could be made to product lines at risk and thereby maintain their existence, or at the least–include Nicholson management in the decision making alternatives. H. K. Porter Stock valuation – If the merger with VPN were successful, Porter would receive VLN preferred stock for their 177,000 Nicholson shares. VLN stock performance had been dreary, and did not show any signs of growth in the short-term. This would make it difficult for them to sell the shares of VLN on the American Stock Exchange which does not trade in large blocks. Additionally, from the years 1968 to 1971, VLN net sales had grown only 3% from $97 million to $100 million. Net income actually decreased by almost 7% for the same time period from $3. 2 million to $2. 98 million. Quick Sale aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Porter will most likely sell their shares immediately after the deal is closed. They will do this because they no longer will have an interest in acquiring Nicholson, and history has shown many times over that share prices will fall rather quickly as mergers do not create synergies through added value or earnings growth. Unaccounted For Shares and Spectator Shares Valuation and Sustainability aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" This voting bloc has the same concerns as Porter relative to share pricing, but is more concerned with sustainability unlike Porter who is concerned with making a quick dollar. They own a lot more shares, estimated between 150,000-200,000 shares, and are not certain that VLN Corporation projected figures are truthful. VLN Corporation has not paid consistent dividends for many quarters, and has not shown any real growth, yet is still offering to match Nicholsonaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s $1. 60 dividend rate as part of the merger deal. Shareholder Negotiations Both Nicholson and Porter had strong postures regarding the merger, and Cooper needed both companies to bless the merger to get it approved by a majority of the stockholders. Cooper only owned 29,000 shares and needed a total of 292,000 shares to gain a majority. Nicholson and Unaccounted Shares The Nicholson family and management owned 117,000 shares. However, the speculation was that 150,000-200,000 of the unaccounted for shares would vote with the Nicholson family. This amount of shares would give Nicholson immense bargaining power. Cooper knew that their offer would have to be as good, if not better than VLNaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer, as Nicholson management wholeheartedly supported the merger with VLN. H. K. Porter Porter owned 177,000 shares. This was a major voting bloc and gaining their support was essential. Luckily, Porter was eager to work with Cooper because they believed their VLN preferred stock would only be worth $23. 12 in the first year (essentially worthless). Therefore, their support would be mutually beneficial and easier to garner. Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Offer to Acquire Nicholson As has been detailed above, each group of shareholders has their own concerns and bargaining power. Cooper has to induce both Nicholson and Porter that their offer is more than fair, and as a result, all three companies and shareholders will profit. Since Nicholson has an offer pending from VLN, it is imperative that Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer is better than VLNaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s proffer. The VLN offer includes that (1) the exchange would be a tax-free transaction, (2) the $1. 60 preferred dividend equaled the current rate on the Nicholson stock, (3) a preferred share was worth a minimum of $53. 10. At the time of the proposed offer, the closing price of Cooper stock was $24 per share. In order to match the bid by VLN, Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer would have to be greater than two-for-one for each Nicholson share. The offer would need to be in the range of 2. 5/2. 50:1 to be greater than the $53. 10 offer pending. It is of extreme importance to Nicholson that they maintain control. In mergers, culture clashes are often the aâ‚ ¬? kiss-of-death. aâ‚ ¬? Cooper has a sincere offer to maintain the integrity of the company and Nicholson would be wise to consider Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer as their goals and interests for the long-term are mutual. Cooper has a history of successful mergers and acquisitions, which should be of some comfort to Nicholson as they will be acquired by some company or group of investors. H. K. Porter Requirements Since Porter was not able to gain a majority vote, they are willing to side with Cooper over VLN. Porter realizes that a merger between Cooper and Nicholson will give them the opportunity to convert shares of Nicholson into Cooper stock aâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a much more enticing proposition than that of VLN. Cooper needs to guarantee Porter that the exchange will be tax-free, and that the Nicholson stock he converts will be worth at least $50 each. Unaccounted for Shares and Spectator Shares The offer to this voting alliance will need to be greater than the $53. 10 per share offer by VLN. They will also want the exchange to be tax-free to avoid capital gains taxes. As has been mentioned above, this group will most likely side with the Nicholson family so if the Nicholson family is satisfied, then this group will be also. Payment Considerations There are several considerations that Cooper management must take into account prior to deciding the specifics of the offer they will give Nicholson File Company in terms of dollar value and the form of payment. The form of payment may include an offer of cash, stock, debt or some combination of the payment options. Furthermore, Cooper not only has to consider Nicholson shareholders when determining what to offer, but it also needs to take into account the other 80% of the shares publicly held, including a substantial percentage of shares held by competitor H. K. Porter. As previously described, one of the challenges Cooper is facing in this acquisition is to ensure a satisfactory offer that appeals to a sufficiently broad range of shareholders with different interests. This includes H. K. Porter which currently holds about 25% of the total outstanding shares and which recently failed in its attempted acquisition of Nicholson. Also, the Nicholson family that founded Nicholson File Company currently owns approximately 20% of its own shares. The Nicholson family had also rejected Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s acquisition overtures three years earlier so Cooper management is aware of how precise the offer has to be to get Nicholson ownership to sign off on the deal. Another 50% of Nicholson shares are held by speculators and by other unknown parties. Form of Payment & Dollar Value The form of payment and the parameters for the dollar value offer that may be accepted by Nicholson management is exhibited in the described failed and accepted acquisition offer in the case study of Cooper (see Chart #1 below). The acquisition offers by both H. K. Porter, $42 per share in cash and VLN Corporation, $53. 10 in convertible stock, help provide at least a range within which Cooper may tailor its offer. Based on these two offers, it appears that the appropriate form of payment should be Cooper cumulative convertible stock. The primary basis for this recommendation is that Nicholson management had already accepted an offer from VLN Corporation using convertible stock but rejected a cash offer from H. K Porter. This is consistent with Chang and Suk (1998) research which found that aâ‚ ¬? cash offers are more likely than stock offers to have termination initiated by the target firm. aâ‚ ¬? It is also believed that if Nicholson management signs off on any merger, speculators and the unknown portion of shareholders will go along with the merger. However, one negative aspect of using stock is that aâ‚ ¬? cquisitions of public targets result in insignificant bidder returns to the acquirer when stock is offeredaâ‚ ¬?. (Chang & Suk, 1998) is this a direct quote, if so we need the reference) Cooper management believes strongly that the Nicholson acquisition will not result in negative returns due to the potential improvements that can be made through simple reorganization of some Nicholson operating businesses. Also, it appears an exchange of stock is appropriate because Cooper currently only has $9 million in cash on hand and would need to incur significant debt in order to offer a decent cash offer. It already has $5 million in long-term debt due and $34 million in long-term debt outstanding, levels significant enough that may prevent Cooper management from considering a cash offer for Nicholson. Competitor Acquisition Offer Details Type of offerOffer price per shareDividendsTax FreeOffer Accepted/Rejected H. K. CooperCash$42NoNoNo VLN CorporationConvertible stock$53. 10YesYesYes VLN and Porter Offer Details Since Nicholson management has already accepted VLN Corporationaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer, it is clear that the terms Cooper needs to offer would have to exceed those already offered by VLN. VLNaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer included one share of VLN cumulative convertible stock for each individual share of Nicholson stock, preferred shares value at a minimum of $53. 10, $1. 60 preferred dividend equaling the current rate of Nicholson common stock, and convertible into five shares the first three years and four the fourth year. In addition, the offer was desirable since the exchange of stock would be tax-free as opposed to a cash offer. According to Dhaliwal et al (2005), to qualify as a aâ‚ ¬? tax-free acquisitionaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦tax laws require that the acquirer use its own stock as payment. aâ‚ ¬? However, Cooper also has to consider the demands of H. K. Porter in order to get approval for the merger. H. K. Porter has indicated that it will not part with its shares (25% of total shares) and support the merger unless it receives aâ‚ ¬? Cooper common or convertible securities in a tax-free exchange worth at least $50 for each Nicholson share it holds. aâ‚ ¬? This demand is below the current book value of $51. 25 for Nicholson common stock, but above the $44 per share on the open market. The final consideration that assists with setting up the range for an appropriate offer that may be accepted by a simple majority of shareholders is the total value of Nicholson stock. With 584,000 shares of Nicholson File Company Stock and at $44 per share, this amounts to a total market value of $25,696,000. Therefore, in order to make the offer attractive, Cooper will have to make an offer that exceeds the market value of all of the stock but will have to ensure that the offer is not too high that it affects Cooperaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s long-term plans to continue to pursue acquisitions. A basic rule for Cooper acquisitions is that they bring significant long-term returns on the acquisitions as well as steady growth in earnings per share. Recommended Offer The number of convertible shares of Cooper stock at $24, the last closing price, for each Nicholson share would have to be just above 2:1 in order to match VLNaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s $53. 10 offer. So, Cooper should offer convertible stock fixed at 2-1/2:1 within the first five years after the offering. This amounts to an offer of $60 per Nicholson share. This would not only exceed VLNaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer per share but would also help make up the deficit in dividends, $1. 40 by Cooper and $1. 60 by VLN, and make the offer more attractive to Nicholson shareholders. Overall, this offer would not only exceed VLNaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s offer currently approved by Nicholson management, but would also likely gain the approval of the shares held by speculators and unknown investors. In addition, this offer meets the payment method required by H. K. Porter for its Nicholson shares, and actually exceeds the $50 minimum offer per share it had requested. As a result, it appears that Cooper should be successful persuading Nicholson shareholders and unaccounted for shareholders to accept the offer, and in return acquire at least 80% of the outstanding Nicholson shares of stock

Definition and Examples of Embolalia in Speech

The term embolalia refers to hesitation forms in  speech — meaningless filler words, phrases, or stammerings such as um, hmm, you know, like, okay, and uh. It is also called  filler, spacers, and vocal filler. Embolalia comes from two Greek words meaning something thrown in. In The Painted Word (2013),  Phil Cousineau observes that embolalia is a near-perfect word to describe what we all do at some point in our lives — we throw words around without thinking about them. Examples and Observations Um, this is a fairly unique moment both in our, you know, in our country’s history, and, and in, in, you know, my own life, and um, you know, we are facing, you know, unbelievable challenges, our economy, you know, health care, people are losing their jobs here in New York obviously um, ah, you know. (Caroline Kennedy, in an interview conducted by Nicholas Confessore and David M. Halbfinger of The New York Times, Dec. 27, 2008)Mrs. Kennedy has managed variously to seem utterly opaque while lacking in the basic skills of plain speaking. There has been not a little mockery of her dependence in conversation on the verbal filler, you know. She was heard to utter it 138 times in a conversation with reporters from The New York Times. In a single TV interview, she reportedly galloped past the 200 mark. Thats a lot of you knows. (David Usborne, Now Voters Turn Against Kennedys Stuttering Campaign. The Independent, Jan. 7, 2009)Uh, in a school. And my father, he was, uh, from the Unite d States. Just like you, ya know? He was a Yankee. Uh, he used to take me a lot to the movies. I learn. I watch the guys like Humphrey Bogart, James Cagney. They, they teach me to talk. (Al Pacino as Tony Montana in the film Scarface)Ive heard about it. I hope you go — you know — I hope you go back to the ranch and the farm is what Im about to say. (President George W. Bush, explaining that he hadnt yet seen the film Brokeback Mountain, Jan. 23, 2006) Throwing Words Around The nervous, I mean, stammering habit of, you know, inserting, I mean kinda throwing meaningless words into, you know, a sentence, when youre, ah, talking. Tossing in the word throw was no accident, as evident in its  root word, the Greek emballein, from em, in, and ballein, to throw in or at . . .. So embolalia turns out to be a sixty-four-dollar-word to describe the habit of throwing around words without thinking . . .. The habit is characterized by often uncontrollable utterances  (hmm, umm, errr), and is a cringeworthy nervous tic in languages everywhere. The cause may be a general deterioration of the spoken word, or a lack of respect for it, sheer nervousness, or a disdain for proper, poetic, or colorful use of the language. (Phil Cousineau,  The Painted Word: A Treasure Chest of Remarkable Words and Their Origins. Viva, 2013)​ In Defense of Verbal Stumbles Modish public speaking coaches will tell you that its OK to say uh or um once in a while, but the prevailing wisdom is that you should avoid such disfluencies or discourse particles entirely. Its thought that they repel listeners and make speakers appear unprepared, unconfident, stupid, or anxious (or all of these together). . . .But uh and um dont deserve eradication; theres no good reason to uproot them. . . . Filled pauses appear in all of the worlds languages, and the anti-ummers have no way to explain, if theyre so ugly, what euh in French, or à ¤h and à ¤hm in German, or eto and ano in Japanese are doing in human language at all. . . .In the history of oratory and public speaking, the notion that good speaking requires umlessness is actually a fairly recent, and very American, invention. It didnt emerge as a cultural standard until the early 20th century, when the phonograph and radio suddenly held up to speakers ears all the quirks and warbles that, before then, had flitted by. (Michael Erard, â€Å"An Uh, Er, Um Essay: In Praise of Verbal Stumbles.† Slate, July 26, 2011)